گوهر · جَوْهَر — essence, substance; jewel

یادداشت. Arabic built a whole family on it: jawharī 'essential', jawāhir 'jewels', jawharjī 'jeweller'. Persian borrowed jowhar back, mostly for 'ink' and 'essence'.

املا. Arabic has no g and writes Persian g as j (gowhar → jawhar).